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Vietnamese is spoken by around 76 million native speakers and about 80 million in total. It is the native language of the Vietnamese (Kinh) people, as well as a second language or first language for other ethnic groups in Vietnam. As a result of emigration, Vietnamese speakers are also found in other parts of Southeast Asia, East Asia, North America, Europe, and Australia. Vietnamese has even been officially recognized as a minority language in the Czech Republic.
Like many other languages in Southeast Asia and East Asia, Vietnamese is an analytic language with phonemic tone. Its vocabulary has had significant influence from Chinese and French. It was historically written using Chữ Nôm, a logographic script using Chinese characters. However, the French colonial rule of Vietnam led to the official adoption of the Vietnamese alphabet, which is based on Latin script. It uses digraphs and diacritics to mark tones and some phonemes.
The availability of Vietnamese translations for video games helps to make gaming more popular and accessible in Vietnam. Many popular AAA games are localized in Vietnamese but there are still a substantial number of quality indie games that unfortunately are not localized and cannot reach the vast Vietnamese audience.
According to the EF English Proficiency Index, Vietnam ranks 60th out of 111 countries, with a “moderate” proficiency level. This suggests that localizing video games can make it easier for younger or less fluent gamers to play and enjoy them.
In spite of its large population, there are not many Vietnamese people on Steam. Vietnamese is the 26th most used language on Steam as of February 2023. This is 0.12% of its users. But keep in mind that Steam had 132 million monthly active users in 2021, and it had a peak of 33.2 million concurrent users in January 2023. This is still thousands of Vietnamese users, but most gamers play on mobile devices.
The Vietnamese market is one of the fastest-growing markets in Asia. As the gaming population in Vietnam continues to grow and becomes more tech savvy, it is essential that games are localized into Vietnamese.
In 2019, Niko Partners, a market research firm specialized in the Asian market, estimated revenue of the PC game market at $477.6 million and the mobile game market at $263 million in Vietnam. Another report by Adsota in 2020 showed that Vietnam was the 4th largest game market in Southeast Asia in terms of revenue and it ranked 27th in the world in 2019. The company also predicted that Vietnam would have about 40 million people playing mobile games by 2020.
eSports is a particularly important segment. Data from the Vietnam eSports Guidebook 2021 indicates that nearly 18 million played eSport games in 2020. Out of them, 58.3% played on smartphones and 52.5% watched eSports content every day. Gen Z players (age 13 to 22) make up 75.8% of this segment and half of them are willing to spend money despite not having stable incomes.
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